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arXiv AI Papers

Designing Reinforcement Learning for Diffusion Models: A Unified Path-Space View

Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training provides a direct way to align diffusion models with human preferences and task-specific rewards. However, current RL algorithms for diffusion models remain fragmented: reverse-trajectory methods rely on discretized likelihood ratios, whereas forward-matching methods train on reward-labeled noising versions of the rollout samples. This paper shows that these seemingly different losses arise from a single path-space principle. Starting from the regularized diffusion-RL objective, we use importance sampling between sampling SDEs to obtain an explicit policy-gradient estimator on trajectory space. The estimator contains the stochastic Itô integral underlying Flow-GRPO-type updates; we derive an equivalent variance-reduced value-gradient form that recovers the forward-matching structure of AWM and DiffusionNFT. This identifies the empirical gap between these method families as a variance-reduction effect rather than a difference in RL principle. The derivation yields a unified design space organized by value-gradient estimation, weight functions, and sampling choices. Within this space, we propose a multi-sample KDE value-gradient estimator that reuses rollout groups, together with scale-bounded weight families that retain stable existing recipes while excluding singular ones. Experiments on SD3.5-M and Qwen-Image models validate the variance-reduction explanation and show that the resulting recipe improves over prior diffusion-RL baselines.

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NVIDIA AI Blog

NVIDIA and Local AI Community Fuel Open Source Models and Intelligent Agents

The open source ecosystem is making it easier for AI enthusiasts and developers to build, customize and run increasingly capable agents locally. Throughout August, NVIDIA is celebrating the partners and open source communities moving local AI forward, along with the models, applications and tools emerging across the ecosystem. That includes NVIDIA’s latest open models, software […]

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Berkeley AI Research Blog

Teaching LLMs to Update Beliefs for Efficient Long-Horizon Interaction

Overview of ABBEL compared to traditional recursive summarization. Beliefs replace the full interaction history as the agent’s working context, and belief grading improves performance by supervising the contents of each belief state.. As task horizons grow, LLM contexts can’t scale forever. Self-summarization enables concise, interpretable contexts, but at a significant performance cost, especially for human assistance domains where high quality…

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