Anuncio

NexTalk

Automatiza la primera respuesta. Mantén el toque humano.

Chat en vivo con agentes de IA en tu modelo y tu clave de API, con traspaso a tu equipo.

Empezar gratis

CMDO: A Cognitive Memory-Driven Optimization Algorithm for Adaptive Population-Based Search

arXiv AI Papersen

1mes

Antigüedad

Publicado
Recolectado

Population-based optimization methods often use previous search information through successful solutions, parameter adaptation, or operator performance, but they rarely retain the context in which a search behavior succeeded or failed. We introduce Cognitive Memory-Driven Optimization (CMDO), a derivative-free population-based optimizer that represents experience as the relationship between search context, search behavior, and observed outcome. CMDO organizes these experiences across working, episodic, and consolidated memory, retrieves them according to similarity with the current search state, and uses both positive and negative evidence to guide subsequent search. Retrieved experience does not replay previous candidate locations; instead, it selects search recipes that are reconstructed from the current population through exploratory, directed, and local search behaviors with adaptive search geometry. We evaluate CMDO on selected Blackbox Optimization Benchmarking test suite on COCO (BBOB/COCO) and Congress on Evolutionary Computation 2017 (CEC2017) problems against DE, CMA-ES, SHADE, GWO, HHO, and ORCA, and further study its application to seven-parameter photovoltaic model estimation using measured current--voltage data. The results show problem-dependent but competitive optimization performance, including the lowest median error among the compared methods on CEC2017 F10. More importantly, analysis of the search traces shows that context-dependent recall changes the distribution of executed search behaviors, while unsuccessful experiences remain available as negative evidence for later decisions, showing that accumulated experience directly influences subsequent search behavior. These results support the use of explicit context--behavior--outcome memory as an active mechanism for controlling population-based search.

Autores

Mohammed Yusuf Mujawar, Shahram Rahimi, Noorbakhsh Amiri Golilarz

Categorías

  • cs.NE
  • cs.AI
Lee el artículo completo en arxiv.org

overfeed.news indexa y enlaza. Publicamos un extracto breve; el artículo completo sigue en arXiv AI Papers.

Medical Image Segmentation: Foundation Model Adaptation versus Task-Specific Training

Foundation models pretrained on large natural-image collections are increasingly adapted for medical image segmentation, in the expectation that they will replace models trained for each task. Most comparisons, however, use data from the training distribution and a single task-specific baseline whose configuration is rarely justified, and therefore provide limited evidence of performance at new clinical sites. It also remains unclear how much of a foundation model must be adapted, and what determines this. We adapted a foundation model, DINOv2, with strategies ranging from tuning only its bias terms to full fine-tuning, and compared it with U-Nets and ResU-Nets trained from scratch. Experiments covered colonoscopy, breast ultrasound and dermoscopy, with testing on held-out data from the training source and on independent datasets from other institutions. The adapted foundation model generalised better on every external dataset. Within the training distribution, the task-specific models remained competitive when training data were abundant, and delineated boundaries more precisely, while the foundation model more often missed small lesions. Only a small fraction of the foundation model required adaptation, and the capacity needed was determined by the imaging domain rather than by the adaptation method. A widely used polyp test set was also found to duplicate images from another benchmark. Foundation-model adaptation is therefore warranted where models must work across sites, with capacity selected on the target domain.

en

Toward Foundation Detection Models via Example-Based Grounding in EM-DETR

DeepLearning (DL)-based Computer-Aided Diagnostic (CAD) systems have shown great promise in supporting clinicians, but their performance heavily depends on the availability of large, well-annotated datasets. In medical lesion detection, the scarcity of comprehensive, stan dardized annotations and the heterogeneity of existing datasets limit the development of robust foundation models. In this work, we introduce a novel approach to building a multi-domain foundation model for le sion detection by integrating diverse medical image datasets annotated for both anatomical structures and abnormalities. We first propose a student-teacher training strategy to effectively combine datasets with heterogeneous label spaces, mitigating catastrophic forgetting, and im proving feature learning. In addition, building on our previously pro posed example-based EM-DETR framework, we adapt it to jointly learn from multiple domain-specific datasets, enabling fine-grained, example driven detection across modalities. Our model achieves state-of-the-art (SOTA) results, with image-level AUC scores exceeding previous SOTA by 1% point on four key findings in CXRs. We achieve a leading mAP50 in CXRs and mammography, surpassing EM-DETR trained on a single dataset by 2-3% points. This approach paves the way for scalable foundation models in medical imaging that leverage heterogeneous data while maintaining robust and generalizable performance.

en

TorchCurves: Differentiable Parametric Curves

We present TorchCurves, a PyTorch library that treats vector-valued parametric curves as learnable primitives. Its central operation maps batches of scalar inputs to points on curves represented in B-spline or Legendre polynomial bases, with differentiation through both inputs and coefficients. Curve coefficients can be optimized jointly with the surrounding model or produced by another network. The library provides trainable modules, reusable basis modules, and a functional interface, supporting applications ranging from continuous feature embeddings to Kolmogorov-Arnold networks and functional regression. Its implementation combines classical evaluation algorithms with vectorized PyTorch operations, emphasizing readability and maintainability without custom hardware kernels. Timing experiments compare curve evaluation against NumPy and SciPy and KAN training against EfficientKAN across a range of problem sizes. The results illustrate where this generality remains computationally practical and where overhead is substantial. Library is available on GitHub at https://github.com/alexshtf/torchcurves.

en

AutoScaffold: AI-Guided Scaffolding for Reinforcement Learning of Language Models

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) produces rich training experience, yet outcome rewards reduce each attempt to a single number and leave most of this information unused. Training-time scaffolds, such as strategies or hints added to the prompt during training, offer a natural way to turn this information into guidance, but their design and adaptation are largely left to humans and tailored to specific domains. We introduce AutoScaffold, a unified AI-for-AI framework that turns a student's training experience into adaptive scaffolds, with minimal domain-specific information and no human intervention during training. A frozen teacher periodically examines this experience, diagnoses bottlenecks, and designs scaffolds in two forms: (i) strategies shared across a class of tasks and (ii) hints for individual hard tasks, adjusting the content and amount of support as the student learns. The scaffolds are removed at evaluation. We apply the same framework to ALFWorld, search-based QA, mathematical reasoning, and GPU kernel generation. When evaluated without scaffolds, students trained with AutoScaffold outperform those trained with the corresponding RL baselines in all four domains, with gains of 7.2 points in ALFWorld success and 4.0 points in average QA exact match. On GPU kernel generation, AutoScaffold increases the fraction of tasks with a correct kernel that runs faster than the PyTorch reference by up to 5.0 points. On math, our student surpasses QuestA's reported accuracy using approximately one-third as many student training steps. Analyses show that the teacher identifies a different failure in each task class and shifts its scaffolds from step-by-step workflows to targeted fixes as the student improves, and that its revised scaffolds help the student learn more than keeping the previous scaffold or using no scaffold.

en
CMDO: A Cognitive Memory-Driven Optimization Algorithm for…